How Did The Population Of Georgia Change After It Became A Royal Colony?

British colony in Northward America from 1732 to 1782

Province of Georgia

1732–1782

Flag

Map of the Province of Georgia, 1732–1782

Status

Colony (Kingdom of Groovy United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland)

Uppercase

Savannah

Common languages

English language, Mikasuki, Cherokee, Muscogee, Shawnee, Yuchi

Religion

Church of England (Anglicanism)

Government

Constitutional monarchy

King

• 1732–1760

George Two

• 1760–1777

George III

Governor

• 1732–1743

James Oglethorpe (first)

• 1760–1782

James Wright (terminal)

Legislature

Commons House of Assembly (lower)
General Assembly (upper)

Historical era

Colonial Era

• Established

1732

• Disestablished

1782

Currency

Georgia pound

Succeeded by

State of Georgia

Today function of

United States

Alabama
Georgia
Mississippi

The Province of Georgia ^[1] (also Georgia Colony) was one of the Southern colonies in British America. Information technology was the last of the thirteen original American colonies established by Neat United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland in what subsequently became the Us. In the original grant, a narrow strip of the province extended to the Pacific Ocean.^[two]

The colony'south corporate charter^[3] was granted to Full general James Oglethorpe on Apr 21, 1732, by George II, for whom the colony was named. The lease was finalized by the King'south privy council on June 9, 1732.^[iv]

Oglethorpe envisioned a colony which would serve equally a haven for English subjects who had been imprisoned for debt and "the worthy poor". Full general Oglethorpe imposed very strict laws that many colonists disagreed with, such as the banning of alcoholic beverages.^[5] He disagreed with slavery and thought a system of smallholdings more appropriate than the large plantations mutual in the colonies just to the north. However, country grants were not as large every bit most colonists would take preferred.

Another reason for the founding of the colony was as a buffer country and a "garrison province" which would defend the southern British colonies from Spanish Florida. Oglethorpe imagined a province populated past "sturdy farmers" who could guard the border; because of this, the colony's charter prohibited slavery.^[1] The ban on slavery was lifted by 1751 and the colony became a royal colony by 1752.^[6]

Foundation [edit]

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1740	2,021	—
1750	15,200	+652.one%
1760	19,578	+28.8%
1770	33,375	+seventy.5%
1780	66,071	+98.0%
Source: 1740–1760;^[7] 1770–1780^[8]

Although many believe that the colony was formed for the imprisoned, the colony was actually formed equally a identify of no slavery. Oglethorpe did take the vision to make it a place for debtors, but it transformed into a imperial colony. The following is an historical accounting of these beginning English settlers sent to Georgia:

A committee was appointed to visit the jails and obtain the discharge of such poor prisoners as were worthy, carefully investigating character, circumstances and antecedents.^[9]

Thirty-five families, numbering one hundred and twenty persons, were selected.^[10]

On the 16th of November, 1732, the emigrants embarked at Gravesend on the ship Anne ... arriving Jan 13th [1733] in the harbor of Charleston, S. C. ...

They set canvass the mean solar day following ... into Port Royal, some eighty miles southward, to be conveyed in small vessels to the river Savannah.^[ten]

Oglethorpe connected up the river to scout a location suitable for settlement. On February 12, 1733, Oglethorpe led the settlers to their arrival at Yamacraw Bluff, in what is now the metropolis of Savannah, and established a campsite with the help of a local elderly Creek principal, Tomochichi. A Yamacraw Indian village had occupied the site, but Oglethorpe bundled for the Indians to move. The day is however celebrated as Georgia Day.

The original lease specified the colony equally being between the Savannah and Altamaha Rivers, up to their headwaters (the headwaters of the Altamaha are on the Ocmulgee River), and then extending due west "to the s seas." The expanse within the lease had previously been part of the original grant of the Province of Carolina, which was closely linked to Georgia.^[one]

Development of the colony [edit]

Savannah colony, 18th century

The Privy Council approved the establishment charter on June nine, 1732, and for the next two decades the council of trustees governed the province, with the aid of annual subsidies from Parliament. However, after many difficulties and the departure of Oglethorpe, the trustees proved unable to manage the proprietary colony, and on June 23, 1752, they submitted a deed of reconveyance to the crown, one year before the expiration of the charter. On January 2, 1755, Georgia officially ceased to be a proprietary colony and became a crown colony.

From 1732 until 1758, the minor civil divisions were districts and towns. In 1758, without Indian permission, the Province of Georgia was divided into viii parishes past the Act of the Assembly of Georgia on March 15. The Town and Commune of Savannah was named Christ Church Parish.^[11] The District of Abercorn and Goshen, plus the District of Ebenezer, was named the Parish of St. Matthew.^[xi] The District of Halifax was named the Parish of St. George.^[11] The Commune of Augusta was named the Parish of St. Paul.^[11] The Town of Hardwick and the District of Ogeechee, including the isle of Ossabaw, was named the Parish of St. Philip.^[11] From Sunbury in the District of Midway and Newport to the south branch of Newport, including the islands of St. Catherine and Bermuda, was named the Parish of St. John.^[11] The Town and District of Darien, to the Altamaha River, including the islands of Sapelo and Eastwood and the sea islands n of Egg Island, was named the Parish of St. Andrew.^[11] The Town and District of Frederica, including the islands of Slap-up and Little St. Simons, along with the adjacent islands, was named the Parish of St. James.^[11]

Following U.k.'s victory in the French and Indian State of war, King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763. One of its provisions was to extend Georgia's southern boundary from the Altamaha River to the St. Marys River. Two years later, on March 25, 1765, Governor James Wright approved an act of the Full general Associates creating four new parishes – St. David, St. Patrick, St. Thomas, and St. Mary – ^[xi] in the recently acquired state, and it further assigned Jekyll Island to St. James Parish.^[12]

The Georgia colony had had a sluggish get-go. James Oglethorpe did non allow liquor, and colonists who came at the trustees' expense were not immune to own more than than 50 acres (0.twenty km²) of land for their farm in addition to a 60 foot by xc foot plot in town. Those who paid their ain mode could bring x indentured servants and would receive 500 acres of land. Boosted land could neither be acquired nor sold.^[thirteen] Discontent grew in the colony because of these restrictions, and Oglethorpe lifted them.^[fourteen] With slavery, liquor, and country conquering the colony adult much faster. Slavery had been permitted from 1749.^[xv] There was some internal opposition to slavery, particularly from Scottish settlers,^[16] but by the fourth dimension of the War of Independence, Georgia was much like the other Southern colonies.

Revolutionary War period and beyond [edit]

During the American Revolution Georgia'south population was at first divided about exactly how to answer to revolutionary activities and heightened tensions in other provinces. When violence bankrupt out in 1775, radical Patriots (also known as Whigs) stormed the royal mag at Savannah and carried off its ammunition, took command of the provincial government, and drove many Loyalists out of the province. In 1776 a provincial congress had declared independence and created a constitution for the new state. Georgia also served as the staging ground for several important raids into British-controlled Florida.^[17]

In 1777 the original viii counties of the state of Georgia were created. Prior to that Georgia had been divided into local government units called parishes. Settlement had been limited to the nigh vicinity of the Savannah River; the western area of the new state remained under the control of the Creek Indian Confederation.^[eighteen]

James Wright, the terminal Majestic Governor of the Province of Georgia, dismissed the royal assembly in 1775. He was briefly a prisoner of the revolutionaries before escaping to a British warship in February 1776. During the American Revolutionary State of war Wright would go the merely majestic governor of the 13 Colonies to regain command of part of his colony after British forces captured Savannah on December 29, 1778. British and Loyalist forces restored large areas of Georgia to colonial dominion, especially forth the coast, while Patriots continued to maintain an independent governor, congress, and militia in other areas. In 1779 the British repelled an attack of militia, Continental Army, and French war machine and naval forces on Savannah. The 1781 siege of Augusta, past militia and Continental forces, restored it to Patriot control. When the state of war was lost for Uk, Wright and British forces evacuated Savannah on July 11, 1782. Afterward that the Province of Georgia ceased to exist as a British colony.^[17]

Georgia was a member of the 2nd Continental Congress, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, the tenth land to ratify the Articles of Confederation on July 24, 1778,^[nineteen] and the fourth country to be admitted to the Union under the U.S. Constitution, on January 2, 1788.^[xx]

On April 24, 1802, Georgia ceded to the U.S. Congress parts of its western lands, that it had claims for going back to when it was a province (colony). These lands were incorporated into the Mississippi Territory and later on (with other bordering lands) became united states of america of Alabama and Mississippi.^[21]

References [edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c "Charter of Georgia: 1732". Avalon Law. Lillian Goldman Constabulary Library, Yale Law School. 2008. Archived from the original on October 22, 2008. Retrieved February 23, 2016. All which lands, countries, territories and premises, hereby granted or mentioned, and intended to be granted, nosotros do past these presents, make, erect and create one independent and separate province, past the name of Georgia, by which name we volition, the same henceforth be called.
^ "Lease of Georgia : 1732". avalon.police.yale.edu. Lillian Goldman Police Library. Dec xviii, 1998. Archived from the original on October 22, 2008. ...[from] the Savannah [to] the Altamaha sic, and westerly from the heads of the said rivers respectively, in direct lines to the south seas.
^ "Majestic Lease of the Colony of Georgia". Trustees, Colony of Georgia, RG 49-2-eighteen. Georgia Athenaeum. Retrieved May 18, 2016.
^ Evarts Boutell Greene, Provincial America, 1690-1740 (1905) ch 15 online pp 249-269 covers 1732 to 1763.
^ Sweetness, Julie Anne (2010). "That Cursed Evil Rum": The Trustees' Prohibition Policy in Colonial Georgia". Georgia Historical Quarterly. 94 (ane): 1–29. Retrieved February 14, 2018.
^ "Royal Georgia, 1752-1776". New Georgia Encyclopedia . Retrieved July 24, 2018.
^ Purvis, Thomas 50. (1999). Balkin, Richard (ed.). Colonial America to 1763. New York: Facts on File. pp. 128–129. ISBN978-0816025275.
^ "Colonial and Pre-Federal Statistics" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. p. 1168.
^ Cooper, Harriet Cornelia (January 1, 1904). "James Oglethorpe: The Founder of Georgia". D. Appleton – via Google Books.
^ ^a ^b Cooper, Harriet Cornelia (January i, 1904). "James Oglethorpe: The Founder of Georgia". D. Appleton – via Google Books.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^m ^h ⁱ 1773 Map of Georgia's Colonial Parishes
^ "GeorgiaInfo". georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu . Retrieved February sixteen, 2016.
^ Force, Peter. "Tracts and other papers relating principally to the origin, settlement, and progress of the colonies in North America from the discovery of the land to the twelvemonth 1776" (Web). American Memory. Retrieved September 28, 2013.
^ Lannen, Andrew C. (2017). "Liberty and Slavery in Colonial America: The Instance of Georgia, 1732-1770". Historian. 79 (1): 32–55. doi:ten.1111/hisn.12420. S2CID 151454311.
^ Elson, Henry Westward. (Henry William); Hart, Charles Henry (April 25, 1905). "History of the United States of America". New York, Pub. for the Review of reviews company by the Macmillan visitor; London, Macmillan & co., ltd. – via Net Archive.
^ Wikisource: Petition against the Introduction of Slavery
^ ^a ^b "Revolutionary War in Georgia". Georgia Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on September 19, 2008. Retrieved July 29, 2018.
^ "GeorgiaInfo". Retrieved July 29, 2018.
^ "The Manufactures of Confederation: Primary Documents of American History (Virtual Programs & Services, Library of Congress)". Loc.gov. July ten, 2014. Retrieved July 27, 2014.
^ "Ratification Dates and Votes – The U.S. Constitution Online". USConstitution.net . Retrieved July 29, 2018.
^ "A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774 - 1875". memory.loc.gov.

External links [edit]

LOC: Establishing the Georgia Colony 1732–1750
Carl Vinson Establish of Authorities, University of Georgia: Georgia History
Sir John Percival papers Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, as well called: The Egmont Papers, 1732–1745. University of Georgia Hargrett Library.
Diary of Viscount Percival Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine afterwards first Earl of Egmont. University of Georgia Hargrett Library.
Charter of Georgia from the Avalon Project
Purple Lease for the Colony of Georgia, 09 June 1732 from the drove of the Georgia Archives.
Original Grantees of the Colony of Georgia, 21 December 1733 from the drove of the Georgia Archives.
1758 Act Dividing Georgia into Parishes
Colonial Volition Books, 1754-1779 from the Georgia Archives

Coordinates: 31°45′xl″N 82°21′25″Westward / 31.761°N 82.357°W / 31.761; -82.357